It is imperative to make available to the citizens of Mehsana district, the basic needs such as education, health, drinking water, employment and sanitation as when most of the countries of the world are making efforts for the achievements of better human development index.
• Health and nutrition.
The present health policy aims at providing health services to the masses on the basis of qualitative referral system and infrastructural coordination. In Mehsana district, at present 11 community health centres, 49 Primary health centres, 288 sub centres and 6 dispensaries are functioning. Moreover, NGOs and private practitioners are carrying out health-related works in the district. Despite this, serious health-related social problems have emerged. The ratio of HIV/ AIDS, Anaemia, TB, child/mother mortality ratio has reached an alarming stage.

HIV/AIDS a burning problem.
As per sentinel surveillance in Mehsana district, the HIV ratio is between 1.0% to 1.5%. Evidently, the HIV has spread into general population. The reason is single male out migration in diamond industry, couriers, and looms, particularly in Surat city or elsewhere. The fall in female child ratio is also a reason. Hence, HIV is spreading out in the district causing various social economic and educational problems in the district. Positive efforts have been made to combat these issues in the district and steps have been taken to render services for condom distribution, STI (Sexually Transmitted Infection) and counselling. Moreover, venereal diseases control programmes; blood safety programmes etc. have been implemented. The role of Young Citizen has remained very important.
Supplementary nutrition and Anaemia.
The NHFS - 3 report reveals that 42% children of the State have low height as per age, whereas 17% children are underweight as per age. Government and NGOs have taken steps to increase the level of nutrition in mothers and children. The malnutrition among women, children and adolescent girls in Mehsana district has reached a very serious level.
The Status of important health measures in Mehsana.

Health services play a very vital role and hence they are provided through the network of various programmes of child development, safe motherhood, family planning and extension of health services to the active age group of children in the area. However, in Mehsana district a total of 46156-birth registration were reported in the year 2010. Against this, the number of death registered were 12376. Infant mortality (0 to 2 months) registration is 170 and 216 stillbirth were registered. In view of important health indicators, the leading Talukas of Mehsana district stand as under:
Important events registered and vital data available for town as per population.

Above table shows that as per CRS 2010, in Mehsana district the birth ratio was 21.1 in rural areas and 62.0 in urban area. The mortality ratio in rural area was 5.7 and that in urban area was 8.6. IMR is two in rural area and five in urban area. Out of total population of Mehsana district 76.65% is rural and 25.35% urban. Though the medical facilities both Government and private, are more in urban areas as compared to that in rural areas, the picture of general health remains somewhat better in rural areas. The urban sector, therefore requires much emphasis on this aspect.
Education
The most remarkable finding is that the primary education has constantly remained the source to upgrade the life standard of any nation. It has a positive impact on all sectors such as health, employment, child development and women empowerment. The investment made in this sector is capable of rewarding a lot. Primary education is the base of pyramid of education. The literacy level in Mehsana district, in comparison to other Indian States is slightly disappointing. This level requires to be upgraded in the district with the help of civil society, private sector and the government on research and analysis basis.
Environment
The environmental protection in the State is based on (1) environment has a sound linkage with human development; (2) environment in Gujarat has less and adverse effect which need prime attention. In Gujarat, more than half of the population is in primary sector and depends mainly on natural resources for employment and economic needs.

Water resources.
The decrease and fall of water resources is mainly due to water supply to the industries. A big gap is in demand and supply of water in the State. Unless the water resources are strengthened and the use of water is streamlined, there is no hope to overcome the serious water crisis in the State.

The percentage of problematic talukas for ground water in the Gujarat State.

Mehsana, Banaskantha and Gandhinagar districts are in the category of higher water consumption. The State is facing serious scarcity of drinking water. The Saurashtra, Kutch and North Gujarat are highly affected and that adversely affects the general hygienic condition of the people. The Mehsana district of North Gujarat has a serious crisis both on quality and quantity of water. As per the survey, of 1646 villages, 522 villages are having the highest fluoride ratio, whereas 23 villages are having the highest nitrate ratio. Schemes of water purification require to be formulated in these areas.

• Forest Resources:
The conservation of forests assumes a great significance especially in tribal dominated areas as the main source of their livelihood depends on the forest produce and therefore it is essential to support their economic activities in the area. The reduction in forest cover adversely affect the people dependent on forest produce and also human development naturally.
The latest forest survey revealed that 6.6% area of Gujarat is under forest. Actually, the registered forest area of total geographical area is 10%. The dense forest area of the State is about 32%. The main forest areas of the State are Central Saurashtra (Gir forest) and dense forest around Gulf of Kutch. The illicit cutting of trees, theft of teak and timber wood, encroachment etc. are the main factors responsible for the reduction of forests. This creates a negative effect on the life and livelihood of tribals resulting in their large scale migration.

• Land Resources
Forest is a basic unit of any Government. It has three fold actions
(1) Land based economic activities.
(2) Land and climate oriented scientific activities.
(3) Non-land based economic activities.
It is worthwhile to allot land on a stable and proper system for various usages.

Generally, desert is created due to improper arrangement of natural resources and their extensive utilization. It has been noticed that deserts in the northern part of the State have increased gradually, in the Kutch, Banaskantha and North Saurashtra. The reports on the issue states that this process is alarming and requires to be prevented urgently.
Gujarat has arid zones in 8 districts. Due to loss of vegetation, lot of area is open to erosion. Water and wind degrade the texture of the land. The excessive use of irrigation has caused waterlogging and salinity which adversely affects the cropping pattern at large. The abundant use of irrigation and that of natural resources has caused abolition of forest. The misuse of natural resources has created deserts in the various parts of North Gujarat.
• Draught in Gujarat.
Draught has an adverse effect on human welfare due to scanty rainfall. Scarcity of water affects yielding of crops and amount to loss of agricultural products. The intensity of draught affects human development, health, education, etc in a long run, it affects the eco-system and Environment, too.
The recurrence of drought adversely affects the water resources, forest resources, livestock, fisheries, etc. and thereby affects the economic development of the area. In Gujarat out of 184 Talukas, 52 are under the drought prone area program, and 47 Talukas are under desert development program. The ratio of drought is very high in Gujarat and therefore scarcity and relief works are needed to be taken up. Due to drought situation, there is a serious scarcity of drinking water in the State, which is also due to shortage of water resources. This situation also creates a serious impact on economy of the people. They have to face various hardships to keep their body and soul together. The per capita income falls year-by-year causing migration, mortgaging of their assets, etc. ultimately resulting in low living standards of the people.
• Rescue, relief and rehabilitation.
Droughts being a natural calamity the relief works are undertaken by the Revenue Department. The relief works include work for employment, water supply, fodder, and cattle camps etc. The relief works aim at (1) control and supervision on relief work, (2) start relief work and provide drinking water and fodder for cattles, allow subsidy to farmers and distribute cash dole etc. (3) better implementation of relief works to provide fund, means and tools etc.
• Pollution, air, water and land:
The various possibilities of pollution that affect the environment of Gujarat are:
1. The land, water and vegetation are chiefly affected by the industrialization, solid waste sewerage etc.
2. Excavation of minerals from mines creates pollution due to dust, blast and explosives.
3. Use of pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture adversely affect the texture of the land. The exhausted water resources may also pollute land, water and vegetation.
4. The carbon monoxide, dioxide emission from vehicles etc pollute the atmosphere.
5. The human excreta and improper disposal of bio-Medical waste from hos pitals, etc pollute air, land and vegetation at large.
6. The internal pollutions in factories and residences go up.
• Concluding observations:
The environment resources in Gujarat have shown a remarkable decrease in the present decades. of course, no state can prevent the loss of natural resources in its process of economic growth. pollution also travels with economic growth. However, it is imperative to make available to the people, the minimum needs of life such as pure drinking water, fresh air and clean atmosphere. This needs to be achieved. Lot many NGOs have revealed that human development and management of natural resources go hand in hand. As the programmes are widely taken up with a change in policy, at large, it also requires strong commitment.
• Employment and training:
The overall change in world economy have also made some change in the structure of employment recently. People are now more inclined towards general industry and service industry instead of farming. The percentage of agricultural sector has decreased in comparison to percentage of industrial sector, as with reference to national Income.
• Gender Development:
Human development is a process of extension of opportunities and choice for all, people and if women are deprived of this benefit, the whole process becomes unjust and unfair. Women have no choice in social, political and economic sector in the process of modern development, because the opportunities for women in capacity building are limited and the conventional social, cultural, political and economic atmosphere put a limit on their use of capacity. Society, in general, does not however provide equal opportunities to the women. In the last two decades, capacity of women has expanded but extension of opportunities to them has remained less. Government of India has adopted a policy of women empowerment in the year 2001. In India, particularly married women become victim of violence due to demand of dowry, resulting into suicide or death. Right from childhood to old age, women are always under a threat of violence. The girl child is killed in embryo i.e. violence takes place even before birth. In the urban sector of development in India, sex determination is rampant. The male vs. female ratio is alarmingly low.
• Male - Female sex ratio - Mehsana district:
It is a common belief that if male child is born, it is full stop and if it is female child, it is semi colon. As per census of 2001, the male female ratio is 1000:918. The lowest female ratio i.e. 760 seen in Mehsana district, is the lowest in India. The falling gender ratio has created serious social problems giving rise to HIV ratio. Moreover many other social problems also make the situation complex.